A critical moment in every EMS call is the patient handoff to emergency department staff. This is when miscommunication or missing...

The “chain of survival” is a well-known EMS protocol: early recognition, early CPR, rapid defibrillation, and advanced care are all...

During a call, paramedics rapidly perform a primary assessment: Airway, Breathing, Circulation (ABCs). This quick scan for life threats...

Paramedics are drilled to use universal precautions—gloves, masks, eye protection—on every patient contact, regardless of how healthy a...